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Psychological training for athletes is the constant reinforcement of psychological factors that athletes need to be successful in their sport, as well as the acquisition of different methods of controlling mental activity before and during competitions.
Table of Contents
Motivation Training
- Motivation Training Motivation, or the inner driving force that drives learning and training is what inspires individuals to take part in certain activities. With good motivation, athletes must cultivate a steady interest in and aptitude for their sport. A person who is motivated to train and compete will be confident and willing to face challenges to achieve victory.
Persuasive methods can help athletes to develop motivation. This persuasive technique, when used correctly, will produce positive results. It can be applied before training or competition to help athletes identify favorable objective conditions, and recognize their potential. For verbal persuasion to work with athletes, the speaker must be authoritative and have arguments that are based in reality. Motivation training also includes recalling previous achievements. Many people are not motivated to play sports, because they focus on their disadvantages. They ignore the positives. Recalling previous achievements can be a powerful motivational tool in this situation. In order to restore physical and mental power, the specific method is to induce the trainee to relax and recall their best moments of sports competition and training. In a stressful competition being calm and focused while performing well, facing opponents with no fear and fighting for every victory minute, at a crucial moment, taking the lead and catching the other team off-guard, etc. The ability to recall and emphasize positive emotions from a time when you defeated an opponent can be a motivating factor for competition or training. It can also improve your performance. By recalling the events, the athlete can recognize their physical, psychological, technical and other advantages. They will also be able to find strength in these qualities and awaken temporarily suppressed mental strength due to factors such as defeat. This helps boost sports motivation.
Visualization Training
- Visualization Training Visualization refers to the conscious reproduction of action images already created in your mind. A good visualization can be used to help athletes form accurate movement perceptions and improve their proficiency. It also helps them establish and consolidate correct action patterns.
The method of recalling actions by visualization can improve athletic performance, strengthen movement visualization and imagination and enhance the thinking process in the creation of technical movements. This method of psychological training consists of: recollecting images of previously learned technical action, making the key parts appear in visualizations, practicing technical actions using the visualizations, as well as developing the concept and mastery for technical actions. Coaches should encourage athletes to pay close attention during regular training to the various sensations they experience when using a particular technique or tactic. This includes the key points and the details. When countering an incoming ball for example, coaches should require athletes to pay attention to the sensations of their muscles, as well as the position they choose, how force is applied in various parts of the body, and other details. It is important to emphasize the visualization of muscle sensations when countering different incoming balls. This will help you master various movement skills and perform well in competitions.
In sports training, visualization training is an effective method of training that involves both the mind and body. It is also used as a self-training technique that helps improve technical and tactical skills.
Simulator Training
- Simulator Training In order to improve athletes’ adaptability, simulation training involves repeatedly reenacting scenarios that could occur in a match. This type of training requires a complete understanding of your opponents, the surrounding environment and how to make the right judgments and analyses. Then, the training is targeted to improve adaptability of athletes during competitions. This involves establishing rational patterns for their mentality. It allows their tactics and techniques to adapt well in situations that are constantly changing. This type of training can help athletes prepare for the unexpected on the field.
The content of table tennis simulation training is vast and can be based upon the current situation and characteristics of athletes. It includes high intensity simulation training for improving physical loads, overcoming obstacles to boost technical and tactical skills, simulating opponent’s characteristics to raise psychological levels of load, turning defeat to victory, simulating bias referee decision, and simulating audience emotion. Simulation training includes:
(1) Simulating the Characteristics of Opponents Based on the information collected about the competitors, practice can be conducted in order to simulate their techniques, tactics and playing styles. Or, teammates who have a similar playing style to the opponent’s are used to practice. By using simulations, athletes are able to adapt and understand the situation of their competition opponent, which will help them know and better themselves.
(2) Simulating possible competition situations In high-level tournaments, unpredictable on-court conditions are common. Participants must be able to react to unexpected changes. Table tennis has been accelerated by the introduction of an 11-point scoring system. The athletes must maintain the right mindset, regardless of their position in relation to other players. They also need to show that they have the appropriate level of technical and tactic skills. Simulating different game scenarios or referee mistakes that alter the situation during a game can help athletes develop a stable emotional state and adaptability. This technique can be used to help athletes learn how to adapt and maintain stable emotions during competitions.
(3)Simulating the Atmosphere of the Competition Site During competitions the intense environment at the site can distract and cause nervousness. Training can create a similar environment through the creation of a high-intensity atmosphere. Organising spectators who will cheer and watch, or recording audience noise in order to mimic the real competition as accurately as possible can enhance the adaptability of athletes.
Psychological Adjustment Training
- Athletes often undergo abnormal mental changes in sports competitions and training due to environmental factors. For instance, in crucial table tennis games, the mood of the stadium, the emotional state of the spectators, or the position of your opponent can all affect the athlete’s psychological condition, which may impact their ability to control their movements. In order to avoid abnormal mental changes due to changes in environmental conditions, athletes must learn to adapt and adjust psychologically. There are many effective methods of psychological adjustment that can be applied to various situations during competition or training, including establishing positive thought patterns in advance, to eliminate negative ones, helping athletes focus their full attention on tactical action, eliminating interference from both subjective and objective factors and encouraging athletes to display their technical and tactical abilities. Athletes should be able to control their pace and analyze both teams’ tactics and techniques with their coach. They can also take advantage of any pauses to calm down and stabilize emotions.
The main goal of psychological adjustment training is to instill a sense of confidence that you can overcome your opponents, and replace any negative thinking with positive thoughts. This “belief”, “look” or “outlook”, however, should not be too far from the subjective reality. Expectations that are excessively low or high can cause negative effects. The most common way to adjust is through internal motivating language. By adjusting training to situations which may occur during competition and training, and by doing so repeatedly, you can achieve positive results in both training and competing.
Willpower Training
- Willpower Training Is a deliberate effort made in sport training that helps athletes to overcome different difficulties, control their mental state and take part in various activities in order to achieve predetermined goals. Coaches and athletes set up challenges to help cultivate willpower. To overcome training challenges, you can consider the following strategies:
(1) Encouragement Method Praise team members who show strong willpower. Introduce examples of players that have used strong willpower in order to defeat opponents. Inspire team members to emulate and learn. This will cultivate a fearless approach to difficulties, as well as consciously develop willpower.
(2) Induction Method By stimulating and encouraging athletes’ interest and involvement in specific training methods, and by enhancing the athletes sense of responsibility and career progression, athletes can develop their willpower.
(3) Stimulation method Through high intensity training that is scientifically based, athletes undergo tests with great difficulty, concentration, and density to increase their confidence and courage in the face of challenges. The willpower of the athletes is actively cultivated by this type of training.
(4)The ‘compulsion method’ is used to force athletes, regardless of their willingness, into following the orders and regulations set forth by coaches, including training, competition, or other requirements. By engaging in these activities and completing them, athletes develop a strong willpower.
The key to a successful willpower-training program for athletes is the athlete’s subjective awareness of how they can cultivate willpower. Willpower training is only effective when the athletes are willing to do so and have the willpower.
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